How Do You Know If You Have An STI?

In this article, we’ll explore the signs you should look out for that could suggest you have a sexually transmitted infection (STI), as well as the steps you can take to find out for certain. We’ll cover the most common symptoms to look out for, explain how STI testing works and guide you on when you should consider visiting a sexual health clinic. You’ll also find information on what to do if you receive a positive test result, including where to get treatment and how to protect your health.

Key Takeaways

Here are the five biggest takeaways from this article about spotting a sexually transmitted infection:

• Testing is the only reliable way to know if you have an STI, as many STIs don’t show symptoms.

• STI testing is simple and involves a sample of blood, urine, or a swab. Self-sampling kits or clinic tests are available, and results are often returned within a few days.

• STI symptoms vary but may include unusual discharge, pain when urinating, lumps or growths, and rashes.

• Consider visiting a sexual health clinic if you’ve had unprotected sex, experience symptoms, or need reassurance.

• If you test positive, stay calm, as most STIs are treatable. The clinic will provide treatment options and advice. It’s also important to inform recent partners to prevent further spread.

What is the best way to know if you have an STI?

Get Tested

The most reliable way to know if you have an STI is to get tested. Many STIs don’t cause any symptoms, so you may be unaware you have one and could unknowingly pass it on to someone. Symptoms vary depending on the type of STI and can take time to develop. For the most accurate results, it’s best to wait up to seven weeks after unprotected sex before getting tested. This is because some STIs may take this long to show up on a test [1]. 

How does STI testing work?

STI testing is usually straightforward and involves providing a sample of blood, urine, or a swab from the affected area. If you use a self-sampling test kit, you’ll send the samples back to a lab, but if you get a test done at a sexual health clinic, they will usually do this for you. Once the lab has analysed your samples, you’ll receive your results as soon as possible. If you test positive for an STI, you’ll receive guidance on treatment options and support to help you manage the infection effectively [2].

What are the common STI symptoms to be aware of?

Common STI symptoms can vary depending on what the infection is, but signs to be aware of include [3]:

• Unusual discharge from the vagina, penis, or anus, 

• Pain or discomfort when urinating

You may also notice lumps or skin growths around the genitals or anus, as well as rashes, blisters, or sores in these areas. Other symptoms can include:

• Unusual vaginal bleeding

• An itchy sensation around the genitals or anus

• In rare cases, warts may also appear in the mouth or throat

When should I visit a sexual health clinic?

You should consider visiting a sexual health clinic if you’ve had unprotected sex, noticed any unusual symptoms, or simply want peace of mind. At the clinic, you’ll be asked for your name and contact details. It is important to note that you’re not required to give your real name if you prefer. All information you provide is confidential, and your GP won’t be informed without your permission.

During your visit, a doctor or nurse will discuss your sexual history to recommend the appropriate tests. You can ask to see a female or male clinician, depending on what makes you more comfortable, although this may make the wait for an appointment longer [4].

What should I do if I test positive for an STI?

If you test positive for an STI, don’t panic. Most STIs are treatable, and many can be cured completely. Your doctor or clinic will advise you on the best treatment option for you. This might involve medication or more tests, depending on the infection. It is important to inform recent sexual partners to let them know that they might need to be tested as well.

Sources

[1] Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) - NHS

[2] Getting tested for an STI: Your guide to how it works - UK Health Security Agency

[3] Health A-Z: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) - NHS

[4] Visiting a sexual health clinic - NHS